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Janet Jackson

born on 16/5/1966 in Gary, IN, USA
Janet Jackson

www.janetjackson.com

Janet Jackson

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Janet Jackson

Jackson during a 2006 press conference
Background information
Birth name Janet Damita Jo Jackson
Born May 16 1966
Gary, Indiana, United States
Genre(s) R&B, Pop
Occupation(s) Singer-songwriter, record producer, dancer, actress
Instrument(s) Vocals, keyboards
Voice type(s) Mezzo-soprano
Years active 1976present
Label(s) A&M, Virgin, Island Def Jam, Mercury
Website www.janetjackson.com

Janet Damita Jo Jackson (born May 16, 1966) is an American musician and entertainer. Born in Gary, Indiana and raised in Encino, California, she is the youngest member of the Jackson family of musicians. She first performed on stage with her family beginning at the age of seven, and later started her career as an actress with the variety television series The Jacksons (1976). She went on to star in other television shows throughout the 1970s and early 1980s, including Good Times (1977) and Diff'rent Strokes (1981).

Jackson faced initial difficulties after launching her recording career in 1982, often criticized for having a limited vocal range and being yet another child from the Jackson family to become a recording artist. However, with the collaboration of record producers Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, Jackson found record-breaking success, producing five consecutive number one studio albums on the Billboard 200; these include Control (1986), Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814 (1989), janet. (1993), The Velvet Rope (1997), and All for You (2001). Jackson has been regarded as one of the most influential recording artists in the history of contemporary R&B, as her music has incorporated elements of rap music with sample loop, triple swing and industrial beats, which led to crossover appeal in popular music.

She became a pop icon in the late 1980s, renowned for her critically acclaimed, innovative multi-platinum albums, music videos and choreography. Jackson was recognized as a role model for youth for her socially conscious music; her public image later developed into that of a sex symbol, as her music began to explore sexuality. The 1990s established her as one of the highest paid artists in the recording industry, signing two record-breaking multi-million dollar recording contracts with Virgin Records; she later emerged the second most successful artist of the decade.

Though Jackson is listed by the Recording Industry Association of America as the eleventh best-selling female artist in the United States with 26 million certified albums, Billboard magazine named her one of the top-ten selling artists in the history of contemporary music, having sold over 100 million albums worldwide.[1][2] Amidst her recording career, Jackson has also starred in feature films since the mid-1990s. Tyler Perry's Why Did I Get Married? (2007), for which Jackson won a NAACP Image Award, became her third consecutive film to open at number one at the box office, following Poetic Justice (1993) and Nutty Professor II: The Klumps (2000).

Biography

19661982: Early life and career

Janet Jackson was born in Gary, Indiana, as the youngest of nine children to Katherine Esther (née Scruse) and Joseph Walter Jackson.[3] The Jacksons were lower-middle class and devout Jehovah's Witnesses. By the time she was a toddler, her older brothersJackie, Tito, Jermaine, Marlon and Michaelwere performing on stage at nightclubs and theaters as The Jackson 5. In March 1969, the group signed a record deal with Motown, and by the end of the year they had recorded the first of four consecutive number-one singles. The Jackson 5's success allowed the family to move to the Encino neighborhood of Los Angeles, California in 1971.[3] They settled in a gated mansion they called "Hayvenhurst." Although born into a family of musical prodigies, Jacksonwhose love of horses initially inspired her to become a race-horse jockeyhad no aspiration to become an entertainer. Her father, however, planned for her to follow in the family's footsteps. Jackson commented, "No one ever asked me if I wanted to go into show business... it was expected."[3]

In 1974, at the age of seven, Jackson appeared on stage in Las Vegas, Nevada alongside her siblings in a routine show at the original MGM Casino.[3] She began her career as an actress with the debut of the CBS variety show The Jacksons (1976), in which she appeared alongside her siblings Tito, Rebbie, Randy, Michael, Marlon, La Toya and Jackie.[3] In 1977, Jackson was selected by producer Norman Lear to play a recurring role in the sitcom Good Times.[3] She later recalled, "[Lear] cast me on Good Times as Penny Gordon, an abused child, because I could cry easily. There was a pain deep inside I could get to quickly, even as a little girl".[4] From 1979 to 1980, Jackson starred in A New Kind of Family as Jojo Ashton, and then joined the cast of Diff'rent Strokes from 1981 to 1982, portraying Charlene Duprey.[3] Jackson played a recurring role during the fourth season of the television series Fame as Cleo Hewitt; Jackson later commented the series was not a project she enjoyed working on.[5][6]

19821985: Early recordings

Although Jackson was initially apprehensive about starting a music career, she agreed to participate in recording sessions with her family. Her first recording was a duet with her brother Randy on a song titled "Love Song for Kids" in 1978. By age sixteen, her father (and manager) arranged a contract for her with A&M Records.[3] Her debut album Janet Jackson, produced by soul singers Angela Winbush, René Moore and Leon F. Sylvers III, was released in 1982; Joseph Jackson oversaw all production of the album.[3] Janet Jackson peaked at number six on the Billboard Hot R&B albums chart.[7] Jackson's second album, Dream Street was released two years later. Her father recruited her brothers to help produce the album; Marlon co-wrote two of the album's tracks, while Tito, Jackie and Michael provided background vocals.[3] Dream Street reached number nineteen on the R&B albums chart, however, its sales were less than that of Jackson's debut album.[7] The album's only hit"Don't Stand Another Chance"peaked at number nine on Billboard's R&B singles chart.[8] Martin Strong, author of The Great Rock Discography documented that although, both albums found limited success on the R&B charts, they failed to impact popular music.[9] In late 1984, Jackson eloped with childhood friend and fellow R&B singer James DeBarge; they divorced shortly afterwards and the marriage was subsequently annulled in mid-1985.[10][11]

19861988: Control

Following the release of Dream Street, Jackson decided to separate her business affairs from her father and the rest of her family. She later commented "I just wanted to get out of the house, get out from under my father, which was one of the most difficult things that I had to do, telling him that I didn't want to work with him again".[6] A&M Records executive John McClain hired producers Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis to work with Jackson. Within six weeks, Jackson, Jam, and Lewis crafted Jackson's breakthrough album, Control, which was released in February 1986.[12] The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200.[7] It was a concept album based on Jackson's new-found independence.[12] Though Jam and Lewis were concerned with achieving cross-over appeal, their primary goal was to create a strong following for the singer within the African-American community first.[13] Jam commented, "We wanted to do an album that would be in every black home in America... we were going for the black album of all time."[13]

Newsweek and Rob Hoerburger of Rolling Stone compared Jackson's music favorably to contemporary rivals such as Whitney Houston, Patti LaBelle, and Diana Ross.[14][15] The album's singles, "What Have You Done for Me Lately," "Nasty," "When I Think of You" (Jackson's first number one single on the Billboard Hot 100), "Control," and "Let's Wait Awhile" each peaked within the Top 5; "The Pleasure Principle" became a Top 20 hit, peaking at number 19.[16] Most of the Control music videos were choreographed by a then unknown-Paula Abdul. Jonathan Cohen of Billboard magazine commented "[Jackson's] accessible sound and spectacularly choreographed videos were irresistible to MTV, and helped the channel evolve from rock programming to a broader, beat-driven musical mix".[12]

Control was certified 5× platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America, and has sold over eight million copies worldwide.[17][13] Control, according to Billboard, was the fifth best-selling album of 1986 in the United States.[18] It was nominated for twelve American Music Awards, winning four, a record that has yet to be broken.[19] The album was nominated for Album of the Year at the 1987 Grammy Awards, but did not win the award.[20] Richard J. Ripani Ph.D., author of The New Blue Music: Changes in Rhythm & Blues, 1950-1999 (2006), observed the album was one of the first successful records to influence the rise of new jack swingincorporating R&B, funk, jazz, soul, and various production techniqueswhich emerged in the mid-1980s.[21][22] The success of Control, according to Ripani, had bridged the gap between R&B and rap music.[21]

19891992: Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814

Jackson released her fourth album, Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814, in September 1989. The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200.[7] The release is a concept album based on social injustice. Though executives at A&M wanted an album similar to Control, Jackson was determined to imbue her music with a socially-conscious message that complemented her songs about love and relationships.[23] Unwilling to compromise her artistic integrity, Rolling Stone magazine's Vince Aletti observed Jackson shifted from "personal freedom to more universal concernsinjustice, illiteracy, crime, drugswithout missing a beat."[24] David Hiltbrand of People Weekly commented that "Jackson's heart may be in the right place -- she's against all the bad, hurtful stuff in a vague, Tinker Bell sort of way", but asserted her music had not improved from her previous hit album Control.[25] However, Aletti likened Jackson's socially conscious message to that of a politician, complimenting her resolve and the album's overall musical arrangement.[26] Much like its predecessor, Richard J. Ripani observed the album contained heavy styling of new jack swing; the use of sample loop, triple swing, rap vocals and blues notes are present in the album's title-track "Rhythm Nation".[21]

The album was certified 6× platinum and the album has sold over eight million copies worldwide.[27][28] The release became the only album in history to score number one hits in three separate calendar years"Miss You Much" in 1989, "Escapade" and "Black Cat" in 1990, and "Love Will Never Do (Without You)" in 1991.[29] Jackson became the first artist to score a number-one hit simultaneously on the Billboard Hot 100 and Mainstream Rock singles charts with "Black Cat", and the only artist to have seven top-five singles on the Hot 100 from one album.[30][31] Billboard named Rhythm Nation 1814 the number-one selling album of the year, winning multiple music awards.[32][33] The corresponding music video for "Rhythm Nation", won the 1989 Grammy Award for Best Long Form Music Video.[34]

The Rhythm Nation 1814 TourJackson's first world tour in support of a studio albumwhich aimed to re-create the "awardwinning, visually innovative" music videos of Rhythm Nation 1814 and Control, was described as "an elaborately choreographed spectacle" by Entertainment Weekly.[35] As Jackson began her debut tour, sources commented on the positive cultural impact of her music; Joel Selvin of the San Francisco Chronicle commented "the 23-year-old has been making smash hit records for four years, becoming a fixture on MTV and a major role model to teenage girls across the country" and William Allenexecutive vice president of the United Negro College Fundtold the Los Angeles Times, "Jackson is a role model for all young people to emulate and the message she has gotten to the young people of this country through the lyrics of `Rhythm Nation 1814' is having positive effects".[36][37] With an attendance of more than two million patrons, the Rhythm Nation 1814 Tour remains the most successful debut tour by any recording artist.[38] Routledge International Encyclopedia of Women: Global Women's Issues and Knowledge (2000) documented that Jackson's success during this time period placed her on par with several other recording artists, including her older brother Michael Jackson, Madonna, and Tina Turner.[39]

With the release of the Rhythm Nation 1814 album, Jackson fulfilled her contract with A&M Records; in 1991, after being approached personally by Virgin Records owner Richard Branson, she signed a highly publicized multi-million dollar contract with the labelestimated between $32-50 millionand became the highest paid female recording artist in contemporary music.[40][41][42] That same year, Jackson secretly entered into her second marriage with long-term friend - dancer, songwriter and director René Elizondo, Jr.[43] In May 1992, Jackson recorded a song entitled "The Best Things in Life Are Free" with Luther Vandross, featuring Bell Biv Devoe and Ralph Tresvant, for the Mo' Money film soundtrack.[44]

19931996: janet. and Poetic Justice

In May 1993, Jackson's fifth studio album entitled janet. (pronounced "Janet, period."), debuted via Virgin Records. Jackson commented, "[c]ertain people feel I'm just riding on my last name...That's why I just put my first name on janet. and why I never asked my brothers to write or produce music for me".[45] janet. debuted at number one on the Billboard 200.[7] janet. was later certified 6× platinum by the RIAA, with worldwide sales exceeding ten million copies.[46][47] The New Rolling Stone Album Guide (2004) documented album's number one hit single "That's the Way Love Goes"winner of the 1994 Grammy Award for Best R&B Songand the top ten singles "If," "Because of Love," "You Want This" and "Any Time, Any Place" all contained "grown-up desires".[34][48] Robert Johnson of San Antonio Express-News commented the album ranges from "dreamy and sensual" to "downright erotic" and that although "[janet.] isn't perfect...it should be enough to make her the Queen of Pop".[49] David Browne of Entertainment Weekly gave Jackson's album a moderate rating stating "her wispy voice is often smothered by her two male producers," and regarded janet. as a "blatant rip-off of the club-beat style of Madonna's Erotica.[50] In July 1993, Jackson made her film debut in Poetic Justice. Rolling Stone regarded Jackson's performance as "a beguiling film debut" despite her inexperience, while the Washington Post considered her "believably eccentric".[51][52] Jackson's ballad "Again" was featured on the film's soundtrack, and garnered a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Original Song.[53]

In September 1993, Jackson appeared topless on the cover of Rolling Stone magazine with the hands of her then-husband Elizondo Jr. covering her breasts; the photograph is the original full length version of the cropped image used on the cover of the janet. album, shot by Patrick Demarchelier.[54] Sonia Murray of The Vancouver Sun later reported, "Jackson, 27, remains clearly established as both role model and sex symbol; the Rolling Stone photo of Jackson...became one of the most recognizable, and most lampooned, magazine covers of the year".[55] In the cover story, "Sexual Healing" by David Ritz, Jackson explained, "sex has been an important part of me for several years. But it just hasn't blossomed publicly until now. I've had to go through some changes and shed some old attitudes before feeling completely comfortable with my body. Listening to my new record, people intuitively understand the change in me".[4] Ritz likened Jackson's transformation to Marvin Gaye, as he stated "[j]ust as Gaye moved from What's Going On to Let's Get It On, from the austere to the ecstatic, Janet, every bit as serious-minded as Marvin, moved from Rhythm Nation to janet., her statement of sexual liberation".[4] Jackson's second world tourthe janet. Tourgarnered critical acclaim as Michael Snyder of the San Francisco Chronicle described Jackson's stage performance as what erased the line between "stadium-size pop music concerts and full-scale theatrical extravaganzas", and St. Louis Post-Dispatch's Steve Pick observed Jackson's stage show made the janet. album's numerous hit singles more effective with her "larger-than-life stage persona".[56][57]

During this time period, Jackson's brother Michael Jackson was immersed in a child sex abuse scandal, of which he denied any wrongdoing.[58] Jackson lent moral support to her brother, and denied allegations made by her sister La Toya Jackson in her book La Toya: Growing up in the Jackson Family (1991) that their parents had abused her and her siblings as children.[41] In an interview with Lynn Norment of Ebony, Jackson commented on her sister's then-estrangement from the family, stating, "her [husband Jack Gordon] has brainwashed her and made her like this...He keeps her away from the family, and now he's brainwashed her so much she keeps herself away from us".[59] Norment reported during the recording of janet., "LaToya suddenly showed up and created a scene at the Minneapolis recording studio", despite the fact that "[Jackson's] sister had ignored her calls for four years prior to that".[59] In addition, Jackson criticized her brother Jermaine Jackson for attacking Michael in his single "Word To The Badd" (1991).[59] She later collaborated with her brother Michael Jackson on "Scream"the lead single from his 1995 album HIStorywhich was written by both siblings as a response to the media scrutiny he suffered from being accused of child molestation.[60] The song debuted at number five on Billboard's Hot 100 singles chart, becoming the first song ever to debut in the top 5. "Scream" is featured in the Guinness Book of Records as the "Most Expensive Music Video Ever Made" at a cost of $7 million. Jackson and her brother won the 1995 Grammy Award for Best Short Form Music Video for "Scream".[34]

In October 1995, Jackson's first compilation album, Design of a Decade 1986/1996, was released via A&M Records and debuted at number three on the Billboard 200.[7] Allmusic's Stephen Thomas Erlewine commented that although "[t]he bulk of Janet Jackson's greatest-hits collection concentrates on Control and Rhythm Nation 1814...That is far from a fatal flaw. The hits from those two albums were state-of-the-art dance-pop productions at the time of their release, filled with bottomless beats and memorable, catchy hooks".[61] The lead single "Runaway" peaked at number three on the Hot 100.[62] Design of a Decade 1986/1996 was certified 2× platinum by the RIAA.[63] In January 1996, Jackson renewed her contract with Virgin Records for a reported $80 million dollars.[64] The contract reestablished her as the then-highest paid recording artist in contemporary music, surpassing the recording industry's then-unparalled $60 million dollar contracts earned by her brother, Michael Jackson, and Madonna.[47][65][66][67]

19971999: The Velvet Rope

During the two year period prior to the recording of her sixth studio album, The Velvet Rope, Jackson reportedly suffered from depression and anxiety. Michael Saunders of The Boston Globe considered the album to be an introspective look into Jackson's bout with depression, as he described it as a "critical self-examination and an audio journal of a woman's road to self-discovery".[6] Released in October 1997, The Velvet Rope debuted at number one on the Billboard 200.[7] The album's title, according to Jackson, is a literal depiction of the velvet ropes commonly used to separate crowds from VIPs and the metaphorical velvet rope within every human being which keeps their true feelings separated from those around them.[68] The album also introduced sadomasochism into Jackson's music; Eric Henderson of Slant commented, "The Velvet Rope is a richly dark masterwork that illustrates that, amid the whips and chains, there is nothing sexier than emotional nakedness".[69] Although the album suffered criticism from Neil McCormick of The Daily Telegraph based on Jackson's personal issues with self-esteem, Rolling Stone described The Velvet Rope as "part of a continuum, building from the self-empowering manifesto Control, the skin-deep social consciousness of Rhythm Nation and the hypersexual make-over of Janet".[70][71]

In August 1997, the album's lead single, "Got 'Til It's Gone" was released to radio, peaking at number 36 on the Billboard Hot 100 Airplay.[72] The single sampled the Joni Mitchell song "Big Yellow Taxi" and featured a cameo appearance by rapper Q-Tip. It won the 1997 Grammy Award for Best Short Form Music Video.[34] The album's second single "Together Again", topped the charts, becoming Jackson's eighth number one hit on the Hot 100 chart, and placing her on par with Elton John, Diana Ross and The Rolling Stones.[73] The single spent a record 46 weeks on the Hot 100, as well as spending 19 weeks on the UK singles chart.[73] Neil McCormick observed other songs on the album which dealt with sexual orientation and homophobia, such as her cover version of Rod Stewart's 1976 song "Tonight's the Night (Gonna Be Alright)" and "Free Xone", established Jackson as a gay icon.[70] The Velvet Rope was honored by the National Black Lesbian and Gay Leadership Forum and received the award for Outstanding Music Album at the 9th Annual GLAAD Media Awards.[74] The RIAA certified The Velvet Rope 3× platinum.[75]

In 1998, Jackson began the The Velvet Rope Tour, an international trek that included Europe, North America, Africa, Asia, New Zealand and Australia. Jackson's HBO special, The Velvet Rope: Live in Madison Square Garden, was watched by more than 15 million viewers. The two-hour concert beat the ratings of all four major networks in homes that were subscribed to HBO.[76] The following month, Jackson separated from Elizondo Jr.[77] As her world tour came to a close in 1999, Jackson lent guest vocals to a number of songs by other artists, including Shaggy's "Luv Me, Luv Me," for the soundtrack to How Stella Got Her Groove Back, the Grammy-nominated "God's Stepchild" from the Down on the Delta soundtrack, "Girlfriend/Boyfriend" with BLACKstreet, and "What's It Gonna Be?!" with Busta Rhymes. Jackson performed a duet with Elton John for the song "I Know The Truth." At the 1999 World Music Awards, Jackson received the Legend Award alongside Cher for "lifelong contribution to the music industry and outstanding contribution to the pop industry."[78]As 1999 ended, Billboard magazine ranked Jackson as the second most successful artist of the decade, behind Mariah Carey.[79]

20002003: Nutty Professor II: The Klumps and All for You

In July 2000, Jackson returned to the big screen with her second film, Nutty Professor II: The Klumps, as Professor Denise Gaines opposite Eddie Murphy. The film became Jackson's second to open at number one at the box office, grossing an estimated $42.7 million dollars in its opening weekend.[80][81] Her contribution to the film's soundtrack, "Doesn't Really Matter", became Jackson's ninth number one U.S. Billboard Hot 100 single. That same year, Jackson's husband Elizondo filed for divorce. Jeff Gordinier of Entertainment Weekly reported that for eight of the thirteen years Jackson and Elizondo Jr. had known one another, "[they] were married--a fact they managed to hide not only from the international press but from Jackson's own father".[43] Elizondo Jr. filed a multi-million dollar lawsuit against Jackson, estimated between $10-25 million; they did not reach a settlement until 2003.[43][82]

Jackson was awarded a top honor from the American Music Awardsthe Award of Meritin March 2001 for "her finely crafted, critically acclaimed and socially conscious, multi-platinum albums."[83] Jackson became the inaugural honoree of the "mtvICON" award, "an annual recognition of artists who have made significant contributions to music, music video, and pop culture while tremendously impacting the MTV generation".[84] Jackson's seventh album, All for You, was released in April 2001. The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200.[7] Selling 605,000 copies, All For You had the highest first-week sales total of Jackson's career.[85] Stephen Thomas Erlewine stated "[Jackson's] created a record that's luxurious and sensual, spreading leisurely over its 70 minutes, luring you in even when you know better", and Jon Pareles of The New York Times commented "As other rhythm and blues strips down to match the angularity of hip-hop, Ms. Jackson luxuriates in textures as dizzying as a new infatuation".[86][87] The album's title-track, "All for You", debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 at number fourteen, the highest debut ever for a single that wasn't commercially available.[88] The single peaked at number one, where it topped the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart for seven weeks.[89] Teri VanHorn of MTV dubbed Jackson "Queen of Radio" as the single made radio airplay history, "[being] added to every pop, rhythmic and urban radio station that reports to the national trade magazine Radio & Records" in its first week.[88] Jackson received the the 2001 Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording for "All for You".[34] The second single, "Someone to Call My Lover", which contained a heavy guitar loop of America's "Ventura Highway", peaked at number three on the Billboard Hot 100.[90] All For You sold more than three million copies in America, and was certified 2× platinum by the RIAA.[91][92]

Reviews for Jackson's All for You Tour drew comparison to that of her contemporary rivals; The Los Angeles Times David Massey reported that compared to Madonna's Drowned World Tour, " Janet outdid the Material Girl by a mile... And the gall to bring Britney Spears' name into the picture by saying Janet's show is like Britney's? Hello, it's the other way around! Not only is Janet emulated by the type of show she puts on by the current teen-fab (that she made popular years ago), she still does it better than the 19-year-olds".[93] Charles Passy of The Palm Beach Post commented, "Seeing Jackson's show after Madonna's "Drowned World" tour is to realize the limits of the pop-concert format. Madonna pushed those limits and came up with a daring hybrid of circus, theater and music. Jackson, on the other hand, lived within the constraints".[94] Rudy Scalese complimented Jackson's performance, stating, "Janet Jackson hasn't skipped a beat. She is still the Queen of Pop".[93] Jackson donated a portion of the proceeds from the tour's tick sales to the Boys & Girls Clubs of America, with President Roxanne Spillett stating, "[t]he increased awareness she will bring to our cause, along with her generous financial contribution, will help us reach an even greater number of young people in search of hope and opportunity".[95] In 2002, Jackson collaborated with reggae singer Beenie Man on the song "Feel It Boy". Jackson later admitted regret over the collaboration after discovering Beenie Man's music often contains homophobic lyrics, and she issued an apology to her gay following in an article contained in The Voice.[96] Jackson also began her relationship with record producer Jermaine Dupri that same year.[97]

20042005: Super Bowl XXXVIII controversy and Damita Jo

For the Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show of February 2004, Jackson performed a medley of her singles "All for You" and "Rhythm Nation". She then performed alongside Justin Timberlake who sang his single "Rock Your Body". As Timberlake sang the lyric "gonna have you naked by the end of this song", he tore open Jackson's top, exposing her right breast. After the performance, Jackson apologized, calling it an accident, and said that Timberlake was supposed to pull away the bustier and leave the red-lace bra intact.[98] She further commented, "I am really sorry if I offended anyone. That was truly not my intention ...MTV, CBS, the NFL had no knowledge of this whatsoever, and unfortunately, the whole thing went wrong in the end.[99] Timberlake also issued an apology, calling the accident a "wardrobe malfunction".[98] Time magazine reported the incident became the most replayed moment in TiVo history and Monte Burke of Forbes magazine reported "[t]he fleeting moment enticed an estimated 35,000 new subscribers to sign up"; Jackson was later listed in the 2007 edition of Guinness World Records as "Most Searched in Internet History" and the "Most Searched for News Item".[100][101][102] CBS, the NFL, and MTV (CBS's sister network that produced the halftime show), denied any knowledge and all responsibility of the incident. Still, the Federal Communications Commission continued an investigation, ultimately loosing its appeal for a $550,000 fine against CBS; lawyer Steve Weiswasser commented, "[t]wo respected courts have concluded the commission [behaved] in an arbitrary way".[103]

CBS would only let Jackson and Timberlake appear during the 46th Grammy Awards ceremony if they each made a public apology to the network itself and not under the ruse it was a "wardrobe malfunction". Timberlake issued an apology, Jackson did not.[104] Jermaine Dupri left his post on the Grammy Awards committee after Jackson refused to apologize again for the Super Bowl incident.[105] The controversy surrounding the incident halted plans for Jackson to star in a made-for-TV biopic on the life on singer Lena Horne for ABC-TV. Though Horne was reportedly displeased with the Super Bowl incident and insisted that ABC pull Jackson from the project, according to Jackson's representatives, she withdrew from the project willingly.[106]

In March 2004, Jackson's eighth studio album, Damita Jo, was released debuting at number two on the Billboard 200.[7][107] Steve Jones of USA Today reported, "[t]he album, which takes its title from [Jackson's] middle name, shows several sides of her personality".[108] During the interview Jackson commented, "[t]he album is about love...Damita Jo is one of the characters that lives inside of me".[108] Lorraine Ali of Newsweek reported Jackson's album depicts vulnerability; she commented, "and who would know better what it's like to stand exposed? Her Super Bowl debacle/accident/publicity stunt aside, she's the ninth and youngest child of pop culture's most scrutinized celebrity family".[109] Ali criticized the album's sexually explicit content and stated "the only relief from her new naive porn-star persona comes when she heads for the dance floor...on "R&B Junkie".[109] Arnold Chuck of People magazine stated "the controversial diva doesn't shy away from her girl-gone-wild rep. From her topless pose on the CD cover to the sexually explicit lyrics on cuts such as the jazz-kissed "Moist," Jackson unabashedly gets her freak on" and favorably compared Damita Jo to Jackson's 1993 album janet.[110]

Jackson appeared as a host of Saturday Night Live on April 10, 2004, where she performed a skit that parodied the Super Bowl incident. She also appeared in the television sitcom Will & Grace playing herself, interacting with sitcom characters Karen Walker and Jack McFarland as Jack was auditioning to be one of her back-up dancers.[111] Although the album debuted at number two, its three singles all failed to become Top 40 hits.[107] By the end of 2004, Damita Jo had sold 942,000 copies in the United States and was later certified platinum by the RIAA.[112] However, as Keith Caulfield of Billboard commented, "[f]or a singles artist like Jackson, who has racked up 27 top 10 Hot 100 singles in her career, including 10 No. 1s, this could probably be considered a disappointment".[107] Billboard's Clover Hope reported Damita Jo "was largely overshadowed by the Super Bowl fiasco" and that Jermaine Dupri, the then-president of the urban music department at Virgin Records, expressed "sentiments of nonsupport from the label."[91] In June 2005, Jackson was awarded a Humanitarian Award by the Human Rights Campaign and AIDS Project Los Angeles on behalf of her work and involvement in raising money for AIDS charities.[113]

20062007: 20 Y.O. and Why Did I Get Married?

To promote her upcoming album, Jackson appeared on the cover of Us Weekly in June 2006; it became the magazine's best-selling issue ever.[114] The Virgin Records label and Jackson launched a cover design contest, giving fans an opportunity to create the artwork for the album by "download[ing] 33 images of Jackson for use as part of their own covers".[115] Jackson personally selected four winning finalists, whose covers appeared on a limited number of copies of the record's release.[115] Virgin Records released Jackson's ninth studio album, 20 Y.O., in September 2006. The album debuted at number two on the Billboard 200, selling over 296,000 copies in its first week.[7][116] Janine Coveney of Billboard reported 20 Years Old, the album title, represents "a celebration of the joyful liberation and history-making musical style of her 1986 breakthrough album, Control."[117] Jackson stated "[t]his album takes me to a place where I haven't been in a while: R&B and dance...The album also features samples from music that inspired me 20, 25 years ago".[118]

Rolling Stone magazine's Evan Serpick commented, "[t]he title of Janet Jackson's latest album refers to the two decades since she released her breakthrough, Control, with hits like "Nasty" and "What Have You Done for Me Lately." If we were her, we wouldn't make the comparison".[119] However, Glenn Gamboa of Newsday gave the album a positive rating, stating, "On "20 Y.O." she skips all that drama of breaking free and asserting herself. She also keeps most of the tie-me-up, tie-me-down sexual raunch of her recent albums in the closet. This album is all about dancing and returning to her R&B roots. No envelope-pushing, no genre-busting. Just irresistible grooves, catchy hooks and lots of Janet".[120] The album's lead single "Call on Me"a duet with rapper Nellybecame the only single to peak in the top 40, hitting number 25 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart. The album was nominated for a Grammy for Best Contemporary R&B Album, but did not win the award.[121] 20 Y.O. was certified platinum by the RIAA.[122] Billboard magazine reported the release of 20 Y.O. satisfied Jackson's contract with Virgin Records; Jermaine Dupri, who co-produced 20 Y.O., left his position as head of urban music at Virgin following the "disappointing performance" of Jackson's album.[123]

In January 2007, Jackson was ranked the 7th richest woman in the entertainment business by Forbes magazine, having amassed a fortune of over $150 million.[124] Later that year, Jackson starred opposite Tyler Perry as a psychotherapist named Patrica in the feature film Why Did I Get Married?. Filming began on March 5, 2007, and the film was released on October 12, 2007.[125] The film opened at number one at the box office, grossing $21.4 million in its first week.[126] Wesley Morris of The Boston Globe commented Jackson portrayed her character with "soft authority".[127] In February 2008, Jackson won the NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture for her role.[128]

2008present: Discipline

In July 2007, Jackson changed labels and signed a record contract with Island Records. Jackson's tenth studio album, Discipline, was released in February 2008, under the supervision of label head Antonio "L.A." Reid.[129][130] Discipline was Jackson's first album for the Island Def Jam Music Group.[131] Jackson and Dupri severed as executive producers. Long-term collaborators Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis did not contribute and Discipline was the first album on which Jackson did not co-write any of the material since 1984's Dream Street.[132] In an interview with Larry King of CNN, Jackson commented, "Discipline. It's the title track on the album...But I wanted to name the album Discipline because it has a lot of different meanings for me but the most important would be work -- to have done this for as long as I have...And to have had the success that I've had -- not excluding God by any means, but it takes a great deal of focus".[133] Although sales were less than that of Damita Jo and 20 Y.O., Discipline peaked in America on the Billboard 200 at number one with over 181,000 copies sold during that week, becoming Jackson's first number one album since All For You (2001).[116] Paul Grein of Yahoo! Music observed with six number one studio albums, Jackson had "surpasse[d] her brother Michael Jackson, who has amassed five [number one] albums.[134]

Margeaux Watson of Entertainment Weekly referred to the lyrical content as "cheesy", while Dan Cairns of the Sunday Times called it "bizarre", denouncing the overt sexual theme throughout the album.[135][136] However, Allmusic's Andy Kellman described the album "as innocent, universal, and inviting as anything else in Janet's past".[132] Prior to the album's debut, the first single from the album, "Feedback", was leaked to select radio stations in the United States in December 2007. On the Billboard Hot 100, the single originally peaked and remained in the top 50 for over six weeks, but after the album's release, it climbed to number 19 on the Hot 100. Billboard magazine reported "Jackson insists [Discipline], does not put her in the same camp as Mary J. Blige or Mariah Carey -- it's not her "Breakthrough," nor her "Emancipation." But given the commercially disappointing sales of her preceding Virgin sets, there was a vanishing act of sorts that warrants all the comeback talk"; Jackson responded, "I think a comeback is when you leave and then you... come back...People are always quick to use that word 'comeback,' but I never went anywhere, really".[137] Subsequent singles released from Discipline failed to chart on the Hot 100.

In April 2008, Jackson received the Vanguard Awarda media award from the Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation to honor members of the entertainment community who have made a significant difference in promoting equal rights for LGBT peopleat the 19th Annual GLAAD Media Awards.[138] Jackson's fifth world tourthe Rock Witchu Touris set to begin on September 10, 2008.[139] Despite embarking on a world concert tour, Jackson announced there would be no more singles released off Discipline, as the Island Def Jam label had stopped promotion of the album as of June 2008.[140]

Musical style and performance

Maury Dean, author of Rock-N-Roll Gold Rush (2003) documented that Jackson's voice has been classified as mezzo-soprano.[141] Rolling Stone magazine observed, "[h]er wispy voice was a pale echo of Michael's, but on Janet's albums - and in her videos and live performances, which revealed a crisp, athletic dance technique not unlike her brother's - singing wasn't the point. Her slamming beats, infectious hooks, and impeccable production values were perfectly suited to the breezy zeal with which she declared her social and sexual independence".[44] Jackson's voice has also been praised on occasion. Eric Henderson of Slant claimed critics who judged Jackson harshly for her thin voice "somehow missed the explosive 'gimme a beat' vocal pyrotechnics she unleashes all over "Nasty"...Or that they completely dismissed how perfect her tremulous hesitance fits into the abstinence anthem "Let's Wait Awhile".[142]

Gillian G. Gaar, author of She's a Rebel: The History of Women in Rock & Roll (2002) documented that in 1986 when Jackson and her producers crafted her breakthrough album Control, that it was "an autobiographical tale about her life with her parents, her first marriage, and breaking free".[13] The theme of independence is prevalent throughout the album, such as the opening of the album's title-track, in which Jackson states "This is a story about control", while in "Nasty", Jackson asserts to a male suitor "My name ain't baby" and challenges an inattentive boyfriend in "What Have You Done for Me Lately".[13]

After Control, Jackson reported that she wished to address social issues with her 1989 album Rhythm Nation 1814; she stated "I'm not naive - I know an album or a song can't change the world. I just want my music and my dance to catch the audience's attention, and to hold it long enough for them to listen to the lyrics and what we're saying".[143] Rickey Vincent stated in his book Funk: The Music, The People, and The Rhythm of The One (1996) that Rhythm Nation 1814 "was the boldest and most successful pop attempt to combine social commentary, celebration, and state-of-the-art dance funk since her brother Michael's efforts to be Bad".[144]

Jackson changed the theme of her music yet again for her fifth studio album janet.; she stated, "I love feeling deeply sexualand don't mind letting the world know. For me, sex has become a celebration, a joyful part of the creative process".[4] Sonia Murray of The Atlanta Journal and Constitution commented on the release of Jackson's tenth studio album Discipline that two of Jackson's recurring themes are "love and sex ("I love love and I love sex")".[145]

Jackson has credited her elder brothers Michael and Jermaine as her primary musical influences.[146] David Ritz of Rolling Stone compared Jackson's musical style to that of Marvin Gaye, stating, "[l]ike Marvin, autobiography seemed the sole source of her music. Her art, also like Marvin's, floated over a reservoir of secret pain".[146] Other artists attributed as influences on Jackson's music according to Rolling Stone are The Ronettes, Dionne Warwick, Tammi Terrell and Diana Ross.[147] Jackson's music has encompassed a broad range of genres, including R&B, pop, soul, rap, rock, and dance. Teresa Wiltz of The Washington Post observed "Janet Jackson...regularly leap[s] from urban to Top 40".[148] Qadree EI-Amin, Jackson's former personal manager commented, "[s]he's bigger than Barbra Streisand because Streisand can't appeal to the street crowd, as Janet does. But Streisand's rich, elite crowd loves Janet Jackson".[149] When producers Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis produced Jackson's 1986 album Control, they introduced the emerging style of new jack swing into her music.[21] Richard J. Ripani documented Jackson's music has been considered to be crucial to the development of R&B, as Jackson and her producers "crafted a new sound that fuses the rhythmic elements of funk and disco, along with heavy doses of synthesizers, percussion, sound effects and a rap music sensibility".[21]

Choreography

Jackson drew her inspiration from the musicals she watched in her youth for her music videos and performances.[150] Jackson was heavily influenced by the choreography of Fred Astaire and Michael Kidd, among others.[150] Judy Mitoma, author of Envisioning dance on film and video (2002) commented, "[n]ot since James Brown, Chubby Checker, and Elvis Presley wove dance and movement into their performances in the 1960s did the pop music world have so many charismatic vocalists who could dance".[150] Eric Henderson regarded Jackson's breakthrough album Control as "the birth of Janet the music video star, as six of the nine tracks were turned into popular videos that all but announced her as queen of the production dance number".[151] Billboard magazine's Janine Coveney observed that "Jackson's musical declaration of independence [Control] launched a string of hits, an indelible production sound and an enduring image cemented by groundbreaking video choreography and imagery that pop vocalists still emulate".[117] When Jackson embarked on the janet. Tour in 1993, Micheal Snyder referred to Jackson's live concert performance as the "pop equivalent of a summer blockbuster movie".[152] The Independent writer Nicholas Barber called Jackson's stage show for 1998's The Velvet Rope Tour an "enormous theatrical extravaganza".[153] Throughout her career, Jackson has worked with numerous professional choreographers such as Paula Abdul, Michael Kidd and Tina Landon. Landon also took part in the choreography for Michael and Janet Jackson's music video "Scream".[154] I Want to Be-- a Dancer (1997), written By Stephanie Maze and Catherine O'Neill Grace, observed that Janet Jackson, among other entertainers, "generated a whole new wave of dance crazes that [caught] on almost overnight".[155] Qadree EI-Amin commented artists such as "Britney Spears and Christina Aguilera pattern their performances after Janet's proven dance-diva persona".[149]

Legacy

Main article: List of Janet Jackson awards

The baby sister of the "precious Jackson clan"[9] and the "King of Pop"[156]Michael JacksonJanet Jackson has strived to distance her professional career from that of her older brother and the rest of the Jackson family. Phillip McCarthy of Sydney Morning Herald noted that throughout her recording career, one of her common conditions for interviewers has been that there be no mention of Michael.[157] Steve Huey asserted despite being born into a family of entertainers, Janet Jackson has managed to emerge a "superstar" in her own rightrivaling not only several female entertainers including Madonna and Whitney Houston, but also her brotherwhile "successfully [shifting] her image from a strong, independent young woman to a sexy, mature adult".[158] According to Larry Starr and Christopher Alan Waterman, authors of American Popular Music : The Rock Years (2006), when the American music industry began its economic recovery in the mid-1980s from the fall of the disco era, Janet Jackson, among other multi-platinum selling music artists, was acknowledged for stimulating the overall increase in consumer purchasing of LPs, cassette tapes and CDs.[159]

Jim Cullen, author of Popular Culture in American History (2001) observed that although it was Michael Jackson's Thriller that originally synchronized music video with album sales, Janet Jackson saw the visualization of her music elevate her to the status of a pop culture icon.[160] Rolling Stone magazine has credited Jackson for influencing a number of female R&B music artists, including Ciara, Beyoncé Knowles, Cassie, Aaliyah, Brandy, and Monica.[147] In March 2008, Business Wire reported "Janet Jackson is one of the top ten selling artists in the history of contemporary music; ranked by Billboard magazine as the ninth most successful act in rock and roll history, and the second most successful female artist in pop music history".[2]

Discography

Main article: Janet Jackson discography
  • 1982: Janet Jackson
  • 1984: Dream Street
  • 1986: Control
  • 1989: Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814
  • 1993: janet.
  • 1997: The Velvet Rope
  • 2001: All for You
  • 2004: Damita Jo
  • 2006: 20 Y.O.
  • 2008: Discipline

Other works

Main article: Janet Jackson videography

Television series

  • 1976-1977: The Jacksons
  • 1977-1979: Good Times
  • 1979-1980: A New Kind of Family
  • 1980-1984: Diff'rent Strokes
  • 1984-1985: Fame

Films

  • 1993: Poetic Justice
  • 2000: Nutty Professor II: The Klumps
  • 2007: Why Did I Get Married?

See also

  • List of best-selling music artists
  • List of best selling music artists in U.S.
  • List of best-selling albums (United States)
  • List of best-selling albums worldwide
  • List of number-one hits (United States)
  • Honorific titles in popular music

Footnotes

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  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 Cornwell, Jane (2002). Janet Jackson, p. 2, 10, 24, Carlton Books.
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References

  • Brackett, Nathan. Hoard, Christian David. The New Rolling Stone Album Guide. Simon and Schuster, 2004. ISBN 0743201698
  • Cornwell, Jane. Janet Jackson Carlton Books, 2002. ISBN 1842224646
  • Cullen, Jim. Popular Culture in American History. Blackwell Publishing, 2001. ISBN 0631219587
  • Cutcher, Jenai. Feel the Beat: Dancing in Music Videos. The Rosen Publishing Group, 2003. ISBN 0823945588
  • Dean, Maury. Rock-N-Roll Gold Rush. Algora Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0875862071
  • Gaar, Gillian G. She's a rebel: the history of women in rock & roll. Seal Press, 2002. ISBN 1580050786
  • Gates, Henry Louis. Appiah, Anthony. Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American. Basic Civitas Books, 1999. ISBN 0465000711
  • Halstead, Craig. Cadman, Chris. Jacksons Number Ones. Authors On Line, 2003. ISBN 0755200985
  • Jaynes, Gerald David. Encyclopedia of African American Society. Sage Publications, 2005. ISBN 0761927646
  • Kramarae, Cheris. Spender, Dale. Routledge International Encyclopedia of Women: Global Women's Issues and Knowledge. Routledge, 2000. ISBN 0415920914
  • Maze, Stephanie. Grace, Catherine O'Neill. I Want to Be-- a Dancer. Harcourt Trade, 1997. ISBN 0152021086
  • Mitoma, Judy. Mitoma, Judith. Zimmer, Elizabeth. Stieber, Dale Ann. Heinonen, Nelli. Shaw, Norah Zuiga. Envisioning dance on film and video. Routledge, 2002. ISBN 0415941717
  • Ripani, Richard J. The New Blue Music: Changes in Rhythm & Blues, 1950-1999 Univ. Press of Mississippi, 2006. ISBN 1578068622
  • Starr, Larry. Waterman, Christopher Alan. American Popular Music : The Rock Years. New York Oxford University Press, 2006. ISBN 9780195300529
  • Strong, Martin Charles. The Great Rock Discography: Complete Discographies Listing Every Track Recorded by More Than 1200 Artists. Canongate U.S., 2004. ISBN 1841956155
  • Vincent, Rickey. Clinton, George. Funk: The Music, The People, and The Rhythm of The One. Macmillan, 1996. ISBN 0312134991

Futher reading

  • Bronson, Fred. The Billboard Book of Number One Hits. Billboard Books, 2003. ISBN 0823076776
  • Hyatt, Wesley. The Billboard Book of Number One Adult Contemporary Hits. Billboard Books, 1999. ISBN 0823076938
  • Warner, Jay. On this Day in Black Music History. Hal Leonard, 2006. ISBN 0634099264

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Janet Jackson
Studio albums: Janet Jackson • Dream Street • Control • Rhythm Nation 1814
janet. • The Velvet Rope • All for You • Damita Jo • 20 Years Old

Other albums: Control: The Remixes • Janet. Remixed • Design of a Decade 1986/1996

Discography • Singles • Videography • Filmography • Tours • Awards and accolades
Janet Jackson singles discography
Janet Jackson"Young Love" · "Come Give Your Love to Me" · "Say You Do" · "Love and My Best Friend" · "Don't Mess Up This Good Thing"
Dream Street"Don't Stand Another Chance" · "Fast Girls" · "Two to the Power of Love"
Control"What Have You Done for Me Lately" · "Nasty" · "When I Think of You" · "Control" · "Let's Wait Awhile" · The Pleasure Principle" · "Funny How Time Flies (When You're Having Fun)"
Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814"Miss You Much" · "Rhythm Nation" · "Escapade" · "Alright" · "Come Back to Me" · "Black Cat" · "Love Will Never Do (Without You)" · "State of the World"
janet."That's the Way Love Goes" · "If" · "Again" · "Because of Love" · "Any Time, Any Place" · "Throb" · "You Want This" · "Whoops Now" · "What'll I Do"
Design of a Decade 1986/1996"Runaway" · "Twenty Foreplay"
The Velvet Rope"Got 'Til It's Gone" · "Together Again" · "I Get Lonely" · "Go Deep" · "You" · "Every Time"
All for You"Doesn't Really Matter" · "All for You" · "Someone to Call My Lover" · "Son of a Gun (I Betcha Think This Song Is About You)" · "Come on Get Up"
Damita Jo"Just a Little While" · "I Want You" · "All Nite (Don't Stop)" · R&B Junkie
20 Y.O."Call on Me" · "So Excited" · "Enjoy" · "With U"
Discipline"Feedback" · "Rock with U" · "LUV" · "Can't B Good"
Other collaborations"Diamonds" · "The Best Things in Life Are Free" · "Scream" · "Luv Me, Luv Me" · "Girlfriend/Boyfriend" · "What's It Gonna Be?!" · "Feel It Boy" · "Don't Worry"
Promotional releases"Ask For More" · "Janet Megamix 04"
The Jackson Siblings

Maureen Reillette (Rebbie): 1950 | Sigmund Esco (Jackie): 1951 | Tariano Adaryll (Tito): 1953 | Jermaine La Jaune: 1954 | La Toya Yvonne: 1956 | Marlon David: 1957 | Michael Joseph: 1958 | Steven Randall (Randy): 1961 | Janet Damita Jo: 1966

This page was last modified 03.08.2008 11:07:53
This article uses material from the article Janet Jackson from the free encyclopedia Wikipedia and it is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.